Robótica en cirugía y neurocirugía, aplicaciones y desafíos, una revisión
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22517/23447214.21131Palabras clave:
neurocirugía robótica, neuronavegación, realimentación háptica.Resumen
La integración de robots en los quirófanos plantea mejorar el desempeño y eficiencia de variados procedimientos, dado que ofrece ventajas destacables sobre los procedimientos convencionales, en particular la precisión, el filtrado de temblor de mano y la posibilidad de ejecución de tareas complejas, sin embargo, aún prevalecen considerables desafíos que afectan la masificación y la maniobrabilidad por parte de los cirujanos. En el presente trabajo se realiza una revisión del estado actual de la cirugía robótica, los retos y las tendencias. En concreto se evidencia la necesidad de mecanismos de realimentación de fuerza óptimos, así como la visualización dinámica mediante realidad aumentada o realidad virtual. Aun no es posible determinar que la cirugía robótica ha alcanzado estándares, sin embargo, la integración de tecnologías alternas permitirá mejorar no solo la eficiencia en cuanto al robot sino respecto de su operación por parte de los cirujanos.
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