Mechanical and durability performance of lightweight concrete (LWC) from colombian thermally expanded clay aggregates
Comportamiento mecánico y de durabilidad de concreto ligero (CL) con agregados de arcilla colombiana expandida térmicamente
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22517/23447214.24726Palabras clave:
Chloride penetration resistance, Colombian thermally expanded clay, Compressive strength, Concrete, Lightweight concrete (LWC), Durability, Mechanical propertiesResumen
El concreto liviano (CL) se ha convertido en un material destacado en el sector de la construcción para conformar elementos estructurales y no estructurales en las edificaciones. El agregado de arcilla expandida es un tipo especial de agregado liviano formado al calentar arcilla con poco o ningún contenido de cal, exhibiendo un peso unitario bajo, alta durabilidad y resistencia mecánica. A pesar del uso masivo del agregado ligero de arcilla expandida en todo el mundo, su uso en el contexto colombiano aún es limitado. Este estudio pretende reportar la caracterización del comportamiento del concreto ligero aficionado con agregados de arcilla expandida colombianos. Se llevó un cabo de ensayos de laboratorio en estado fresco (asentamiento) y estado soportado (resistencia a la compresión, densidad bulk y migración de cloruros) del concreto liviano adicionado con 12.5%, 25%, 37.5% y 50% del agregado colombiano de arcilla expandida por peso del agregado convencional. Se encontró que la inclusión de hasta 50% del agregado colombiano de arcilla expandida causa en el concreto liviano reducción de 15% de la trabajabilidad, reducción de 36% de la resistencia a la compresión, reducción del 22% en la densidad bulk y reducción del 34% en el coeficiente de migración del ion cloruro. El concreto liviano adicionado con 50% del agregado colombiano de arcilla expandida cumple los requisitos de concreto liviano prescritos en el reglamento de construcción ACI 318 en términos de resistencia a la compresión, esto es, límite inferior de 17 MPa, y peso unitario de 1770 kg /metro 5% y 50% del agregado colombiano de arcilla expandida por peso del agregado convencional. Se encontró que la inclusión de hasta 50% del agregado colombiano de arcilla expandida causa en el concreto liviano reducción de 15% de la trabajabilidad, reducción de 36% de la resistencia a la compresión, reducción del 22% en la densidad bulk y reducción del 34% en el coeficiente de migración del ion cloruro. El concreto liviano adicionado con 50% del agregado colombiano de arcilla expandida cumple los requisitos de concreto liviano prescritos en el reglamento de construcción ACI 318 en términos de resistencia a la compresión, esto es, límite inferior de 17 MPa, y peso unitario de 1770 kg /metro 5% y 50% del agregado colombiano de arcilla expandida por peso del agregado convencional. Se encontró que la inclusión de hasta 50% del agregado colombiano de arcilla expandida causa en el concreto liviano reducción de 15% de la trabajabilidad, reducción de 36% de la resistencia a la compresión, reducción del 22% en la densidad bulk y reducción del 34% en el coeficiente de migración del ion cloruro. El concreto liviano adicionado con 50% del agregado colombiano de arcilla expandida cumple los requisitos de concreto liviano prescritos en el reglamento de construcción ACI 318 en términos de resistencia a la compresión, esto es, límite inferior de 17 MPa, y peso unitario de 1770 kg /metro Se encontró que la inclusión de hasta 50% del agregado colombiano de arcilla expandida causa en el concreto liviano reducción de 15% de la trabajabilidad, reducción de 36% de la resistencia a la compresión, reducción del 22% en la densidad bulk y reducción del 34% en el coeficiente de migración del ion cloruro. El concreto liviano adicionado con 50% del agregado colombiano de arcilla expandida cumple los requisitos de concreto liviano prescritos en el reglamento de construcción ACI 318 en términos de resistencia a la compresión, esto es, límite inferior de 17 MPa, y peso unitario de 1770 kg /metro Se encontró que la inclusión de hasta 50% del agregado colombiano de arcilla expandida causa en el concreto liviano reducción de 15% de la trabajabilidad, reducción de 36% de la resistencia a la compresión, reducción del 22% en la densidad bulk y reducción del 34% en el coeficiente de migración del ion cloruro. El concreto liviano adicionado con 50% del agregado colombiano de arcilla expandida cumple los requisitos de concreto liviano prescritos en el reglamento de construcción ACI 318 en términos de resistencia a la compresión, esto es, límite inferior de 17 MPa, y peso unitario de 1770 kg /metro3 a 1840 kg/m 3 . A partir de los resultados, se concluye que el uso del agregado de arcilla expandida de fuentes colombianas adicionado en hasta 50% por peso de agregado convencional es adecuado para la fabricación de concreto ligero estructural; a altos niveles de reemplazo del agregado colombiano de arcilla expandida, la densidad bulk y la resistencia a la penetración del ion cloruro del concreto liviano mejoran exhibiendo una trabajabilidad y resistencia mecánica tolerables.
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