Afecciones, manifestaciones y repercusiones neurológicas del COVID-19.


Autores/as

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.22517/25395203.24928

Palabras clave:

SARS-CoV-2, Infección, Sistema nervioso, Fisiopatología, Pandemia

Resumen

Introducción: El Síndrome Respiratorio Agudo Severo (SARS-CoV-2) es la entidad patológica responsable de la actual pandemia que no solo genera un cuadro respiratorio distintivo sino que también se ha asociado con múltiples mecanismos de invasión al sistema nervioso central (SNC).

Objetivo: Determinar las afecciones, manifestaciones y repercusiones neurológicas que puede generar la infección por SARS-CoV-2.

Métodos: Revisión de la literatura científica de pacientes con infección por SARS-CoV-2, en quienes se evaluó desarrollo de afecciones, manifestaciones y repercusiones neurológicas, desenlace seleccionado en los estudios, presencia de afecciones micro y macroscópicas del SNC y periférico (SNP).

Resultados: Se estudiaron 40 artículos que analizaban la familia y estructura del SARS-CoV-2, mecanismos fisiopatológicos, manifestaciones clínicas neurológicas y las posibles repercusiones a nivel sistema nervioso central.

Conclusiones: El SARS-CoV-2  es una entidad patológica que se asocia a distintos mecanismos de intervención neurológica, por medio de infección directa al SNC, secundario a un proceso parainfeccioso y postinfeccioso, relacionado con el síndrome de tormenta de citoquinas, daño endotelial, trastornos trombóticos, adicionalmente de secundario a hipoxia, hipoxemia y fallo multiorgánico.

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Biografía del autor/a

Benjamín Alexánder Márquez Rosales, Md. Mg., Hospital Universitario San Rafael de Tunja

Médico

Especialista en neurología

Especialista en medicina familiar

Magíster en enfermedades infecciosas

Ledmar Jovanny Vargas Rodríguez, Md., Hospital Universitario San Rafael. Universidad de Boyacá

Médico

Especialista en Epidemiología

Sonia Elizabeth Reyes Peña, Md., Hospital Universitario San Rafael. Universidad de Boyacá

Médica

Especialista en Epidemiología

Luisa Ivonne Guerra Guerra, Universidad de Boyacá

Estudiante de medicina. Universidad de Boyacá.

Diana Paola Sanabria Aguilar, Universidad de Boyacá

Estudiante de medicina. Universidad de Boyacá

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Publicado

2022-02-14 — Actualizado el 2022-09-17

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Cómo citar

Márquez Rosales, B. A., Vargas Rodríguez, L. J., Reyes Peña, S. E., Guerra Guerra, L. I., & Sanabria Aguilar, D. P. (2022). Afecciones, manifestaciones y repercusiones neurológicas del COVID-19. Revista Médica De Risaralda, 28(1). https://doi.org/10.22517/25395203.24928 (Original work published 14 de febrero de 2022)

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Revisión Sistemática de Literatura