Evaluación del estado mental en pacientes con enfermedad renal crónica en tratamiento con hemodiálisis

Abstract

Chronic Kidney Disease affects 10% of the world's population and is the eleventh cause of mortality in Mexico. Process of multiple conditions resulting from kidney (nephron) dysfunction, affecting the glomerular filtration rate. Depression and anxiety are affective mental disorders that appear at different stages of the disease, presenting psychosocial and emotional symptoms that affect treatment and quality of life.

A study was conducted on 63 patients with Chronic Kidney Failure who were undergoing hemodialysis treatment. The study aimed to identify any mental alterations in these kinds of patients. The study was observational, descriptive, cross-sectional, and analytical. The Hamilton Depression and Anxiety Scale was used to evaluate patients, and sociodemographic data were collected. The results were analyzed in terms of frequency and percentage.

Of a total of 63 patients, 54% were female and 46% male, with a predominance in the age group between 41 and 60 years (52.4%), 61.9% of patients are married, with no schooling 50.8 %, occupation 42.9% are unemployed, 28.6% are housewives, the duration of treatment with hemodialysis between 1 and 2 years (69.8%), patients with minor depression 23.8%, with moderate, severe and very severe depression the percentage was minimal, patients without depression 63.5%. Patients with somatic anxiety 23.8%, psychological anxiety 17.5%, patients without anxiety 58.7%.

The evaluation of the mental state of the patients who are enrolled in the hemododialysis program was carried out. According to the results, it can be said that mental alterations are increasing. This entity represents a challenge when differentiating psychiatric symptoms from physical ones, It usually affects any group of patients.