Prevalence and Risk Factors Associated with Cytolytic Vaginosis in Women from the Coffee Region, Colombia

Abstract

Introduction: Cytolytic vaginosis is a controversial and underrecognized condition that is often overlooked in women presenting with vaginal discharge syndrome. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of cytolytic vaginosis and to identify associated risk factors.

Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in 197 women with vaginal discharge, attended at three referral clinics in the Coffee Region (Colombia) between February and November 2024. Diagnosis was established according to Cibley’s criteria. Sociodemographic, reproductive, sexual, behavioral, personal history, and intimate hygiene variables were analyzed. Odds ratios (OR) and their corresponding 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were calculated.

Results: The mean age of participants was 34.68 ± 5.29 years. The prevalence of cytolytic vaginosis was 23.85% (n=47/197). Among menopausal women, prevalence was 36.11% (n=13/36), compared to 21.11% (n=34/161) in non-menopausal women. Associations were found with the use of home remedies (OR = 7.51; 95% CI: 3.7–15.2), intimate hair removal (OR = 7.02; 95% CI: 3.6–13.8), and infidelity (OR = 6.79; 95% CI: 2.9–16.2). Condom use (OR = 0.28; 95% CI: 0.1–0.7) and the use of cotton underwear (OR = 0.35; 95% CI: 0.1–0.9; p<0.05) showed a protective association.

Conclusions: The prevalence of cytolytic vaginosis is high among women in the Coffee Region. Its symptoms should be actively assessed in patients presenting with vaginal discharge syndrome. Further research is required to confirm its presence in our setting and to ensure accurate diagnosis and effective treatment.