COVID-19 conditions, manifestations, and neurological repercussions

Abstract

Introduction: Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS-CoV-2) is the pathological entity responsible for the current pandemic that not only generates a distinctive respiratory pattern but has also been associated with multiple mechanisms of invasion of the central nervous system (CNS).

Objective: To determine the affections, manifestations and neurological repercussions that SARS-CoV-2 infection can generate.

Methods:  Review of the scientific literature of patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection, in whom the development of conditions, manifestations and neurological repercussions, selected outcome in the studies, presence of micro and macroscopic conditions of the CNS and peripheral (PNS) were evaluated.

Results: 40 articles were included where the family and structure of SARS-CoV-2, pathophysiological mechanisms, neurological clinical manifestations, and possible repercussions at the central nervous system level were analyzed.

Conclusions: SARS-CoV-2 is a pathological entity that is associated with different mechanisms of neurological intervention, through direct infection to the CNS, secondary to a parainfectious and postinfectious process, related to cytokine storm syndrome, endothelial damage, thrombotic disorders, in addition to secondary to hypoxia, hypoxemia and multiple organ failure.